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Abstract
The dermal papilla is established as a permanent and stable population of specialized
fibroblasts that first appear as a cellular aggregate that interacts with the epidermis
to ensure follicle development. Our experimental findings strongly suggest that thereafter
the papilla, in association with the confluent lower dermal sheath, continues to interact
with the follicular epidermis with the papilla cells, which retain their aggregative
property, undergoing cyclic changes in size and synthetic activities in phase with
the hair cycle. In these activities, the lower follicle dermis appears to act as a
functional unit17 that retains key embryonic characteristics throughout the lifetime of the follicle,39 reenacting its inductive influence over follicular epidermis to regulate the profound
morphogenetic changes that occur during successive hair cycles and to determine the
physical characteristics of the fibers produced.
While epidermal mitotic inhibitors have been suggested as a controlling mechanism
in the hair cycle,6g~70 we have argued that the papilla provides potent factors that
stimulate epidermal proliferation in the hair germ to initiate, and then sustain,
anagen and also follicle morphogenesis. 17,18 Our recent findings71 with cocultures of dermal papilla and epidermal cells, which demonstrated that papilla
cells enhance epidermal cell attachment and proliferative activity, reinforces this
supposition. Thus, it may prove that the intrinsically determined aspect of the hair
cycle reflects and is dependent on an intrapapillary cycle of events.16,17
Furthermore, we have suggested14+17+50 that at another level of interaction the dermal component of the follicle may mediate
the influence of systemic factors, which are known to modify this innately programmed
pattern of follicle behavior. That this is possible is shown by our findings that
cultured human as well as rat papilla cells are targets for androgen action, with
species differences in papilla cell response to androgens.53–55
Continued investigations of the dermal component's role in intrafollicular interactions
show promise of revealing the intrinsic control mechanisms that regulate the development
and growth of hair in normal and disease states, and of establishing the intrafollicular
link between hormones and their effects on hair growth.
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© 1988 Published by Elsevier Inc.
