This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
Abstract
The term androgenic alopecia implies that androgens and androgenic action are a major
aspect of the genetic balding disorder in men and, perhaps, women. This paper deals
with current knowledge of androgens and androgenic action on target tissues. This
discussion will also review the knowledge gained from the study of hirsute women because
female hirsutism is both a common disorder and has taught us much about androgens
and the hair follicle. The author has written and edited several reviews of the topic
elsewhere.–3
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Clinics in DermatologyAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Marker of peripheral androgen production.in: Serio M Martin L Sexual Differentiation: Basic and Clinical Aspects. Raven Press, New York1984: 261-274
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia: a disorder of androgen metabolism.J Geriatr Soc. 1984; 32: 380-385
- Peripheral androgens and the role of androstanediol glucuronide.Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986; 15: 293-306
- Estradiol and testosterone secretion in the male: secretion by human, simian and canine testes, in males with hypogonadism and in male pseudohermaphrodites with the feminizing testes syndrome.J Clin Invest. 1972; 51: 824-830
- Steroid secretion by the testes in man.in: 4th ed. The Endocrine Function of the Human Testis. Vol 2. Academic Press, New York1974: 1-13
- Steroid dynamics under steady state conditions.Recent Prog Horm Res. 1969; 25: 611-644
- Androstenedione production and interconversion rates measured in peripheral blood and studies on the possible site of its conversion to testosterone.J Clin Invest. 1966; 45: 301-313
- The conversion of testosterone to 5α-androstan-17β-ol-3-one by rat prostate in vivo and in vitro.J Biol Chem. 1968; 243: 2012-2021
- Androgen metabolism in human skin.in: Mauvais-Jarvis P Vickers C Uepierre S Percutaneous Absorption of Steroids. Academic Press, London1980: 99-122
- Transformation of testosterone into 17β-hydroxy-5α-androstan-3-one by microsomal preparations of human skin.J Biol Chem. 1970; 245: 5594-5599
- The conversion of testosterone to 5α-androstan-17α-ol-3-one (dihydrotestosterone) by skin slices of man.J Clin Invest. 1969; 48: 371-379
- Recent studies on the endocrine control of male phenotypic development in sexual differentiation.in: Serio M Martini L Sexual Differentiation: Basic and Clinical Aspects. Raven Press, New York1984: 223-232
- Splanchnic extraction and conversion of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone in man.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1978; 46: 528-533
- 3α-androstanediol kinetics in man.J Clin Invest. 1974; 54: 646-653
- Studies on the origin of androstanediol and androstanediol glucuronide in young and elderly men.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1981; 52: 772-778
- Steroid-5α-reductase deficiency in man: an inherited form of male pseudohermaphroditism.Science. 1974; 186: 1213-1215
- Male pseudohermaphroditism: the complexities of male phenotypic development.Am J Med. 1976; 61: 251-272
- Hormonal evaluation of a large kindred with complete androgen insensitivity: evidence for secondary 5α-reduc-tase deficiency.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1982; 54: 931-941
- Hirsutism.in: Krieger DT Bardin W Current Therapy in Endocrinology. BC Decker, Philadelphia1983: 506-508
- Gonadal and adrenal androgen secretion in hirsute females.Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986; 15: 229-245
- Dihydrotestosterone metabolism.Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986; 15: 279-292
- 3α-17β-androstanediol glucuronide in plasma: a marker of androgen action in idiopathic hirsutism.J Clin Invest. 1982; 69: 1203-1206
- In vitro metabolism of testosterone 4-14C and Δ-4-androstene-3, 17-dione-4-14C in human skin.Biochemistry. 1968; 7: 24-32
- Androgen production and skin metabolism in hirsutism.J Endocrinol. 1977; 75: 83-91
- Androgen binding capacity and 5α-reductase activity in pubic skin fibroblasts from hirsute patients.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1983; 56: 1209-1213
- 5α-reductase activity in the genital skin of hirsute women.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1985; 60: 349-355
- Circulating dihydrotestosterone may not reflect peripheral formation.J Clin Invest. 1987; 79: 1653-1658
- Studies on testosterone metabolism in subjects with testicular feminization syndrome.J Clin Invest. 1970; 49: 31-40
- Studies on testosterone metabolism. II. Metabolism of testosterone-4-14C and androst-4-ene-3,17-dione-1,2-3H.J Biol Chem. 1964; 239: 1578-1584
- Origin of plasma androstanediol glucuronide in men.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1984; 59: 417-421
- Ideal conditions for hydrolysis of androstanediol 3α, 17β-diol glucuronide in plasma.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1984; 59: 1027
- Evidence that androstenedione is a key precursor of plasma DHT and androstanediol in normal and hirsute women.(Abstract) Program of the Endocrine Society. 1985; #219: 66
- Androstanediol glucuronide plasma clearance and production rates in normal and hirsute women.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1986; 62: 22-27
- The effects of two doses of spironolactone on serum androgens and anagen hair in hirsute women.Fertil Steril. 1985; 43: 200-205
- Production of 3α-androstanediol glucuronide in human genital skin.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1987; 65: 711-714
- Evidence for the importance of peripheral tissue events in the development of hirsutism in polycystic ovary syndrome.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1983; 57: 393-397
- Synthesis of a precursor for the preparation of 9α,11α-tritiated 5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diol 17-glucuronide.Steroids. 1984; 43 ([published erratum: Steroids. 1986;47:84]): 343-350
- Elevated production and metabolic clearance rates of androgens in morbidly obese women.J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1984; 59: 949-954
- Differential rates of conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone in acne and in normal human skin: a possible pathogenic factor in acne.J Invest Dermatol. 1971; 56: 366-372
- Tissue production of androgens in women with acne.J Am Acad Dermatol. 1985; 12: 481-487
- Androgen glucuronides. I. Direct formation in rat accessory sex organs.Steroids. 1977; 30: 223-243
- Conversion of dihydrotestosterone to androstanediol glucuronide by skin.(Abstract) Program of the Endocrine Society. 1987;
- Treatment of hirsutism with a GNRH agonist.Prog of Soc Gynecol Invest. 1985; : 41
- The antiandrogenic action of 4-androsten-3-one-17β carboxylic acid and its methyl ester on hamster flank organ.Endocrinology. 1973; 92: 1216-1222
- The effect of a 5α reductase inhibitor on androgen-mediated growth of the dog prostate.Endocrinology. 1983; 113: 569-573
Article info
Footnotes
☆Supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (AM-13710).
Identification
Copyright
© 1988 Published by Elsevier Inc.