Clinics in Dermatology
Volume 28, Issue 5 , Pages 527-532 , September 2010

The decubitus ulcer: Facts and controversies

References 

  1. Treatment of bedsores by application of hot air. Lancet. 1913;181:1684
  2. Parish LC, Witkowski JA. Controversies about the decubitus ulcer. Dermatol Clin. 2004;22:87–91
  3. Anthony D. The treatment of decubitus ulcers: a century of misinformation in the textbooks. J Adv Nurs. 1996;24:309–316
  4. Alvarez OM. Pressure ulcers: critical considerations in prevention and management. Clin Mater. 1991;8:209–222
  5. Browne T. On the formation and prevention of bedsores in nervous diseases. Lancet. 1883;121:631–632
  6. Levi B, Rees R. Diagnosis and management of pressure ulcers. Clin Plast Surg. 2007;34:735–748
  7. Bliss MR. Acute pressure area care: Sir James Paget's legacy. Lancet. 1992;339:221–223
  8. Stekelenburg A, Gawlitta D, Bader DL, Oomens CW. Deep tissue injury: how deep is our understanding?. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2008;89:1410–1413
  9. Papanikolaou P, Lyne P, Anthony D. Risk assessment scales for pressure ulcers: a methodological review. Int J Nurs Stud. 2007;44:285–296
  10. Spiesman MG. Bedsores (decubitus). Am J Surg. 1937;36:17–21
  11. Extonsmith A. Prevention of pressure sores. Lancet. 1961;278:1364
  12. Maklebust J. Pressure ulcers: the great insult. Nurs Clin North Am. 2005;40:365–389
  13. “Baking” chronic ulcers of the leg. Lancet. 1915;185:143
  14. Reddy M, Gill SS, Rochon PA. Preventing pressure ulcers: a systematic review. JAMA. 2006;296:974–984
  15. Bass MJ, Phillips LG. Pressure sores. Curr Probl Surg. 2007;44:101–143
  16. Hitch S. Chemical means for the prevention of bed-sores. Lancet. 1851;57:307
  17. Thomas DR. Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers: what works? what doesn't? Cleve Clin J Med 2001;68:704-7, 710-4, 717-22.
  18. Preventing pressure sores. Lancet. 1990;335:1311–1312
  19. Parish LC, Lowthian P, Witkowski JA. The decubitus ulcer: many questions but few definitive answers. Clin Dermatol. 2007;25:101–108
  20. Berlowitz DR, Brienza DM. Are all pressure ulcers the result of deep tissue injury? A review of the literature. Ostomy Wound Manage. 2007;53:34–38
  21. Bedford P. Prevention of pressure sores. Lancet. 1961;278:1257
  22. Pressure ulcers—prevention of pressure related damage. Aust Nurs J. 2008;15:27–29
  23. Livesley B. Prevention of pressure sores. Lancet. 1990;335:1595
  24. The doctor and the old person. Lancet. 1948;251:815–816
  25. Levine JM. Historical perspective on pressure ulcers: the decubitus ominosus of Jean-Martin Charcot. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53:1248–1251
  26. Gowlland E. The diary of a paraplegic patient. Lancet. 1926;207:529–530
  27. Hayashi T, Narita Y, Okugawa N, Hamaguchi E, Shibahara M, Kuzuhara S. Pressure ulcers in ALS patients on admission at a university hospital in Japan. Amyotroph Lateral Scler. 2007;8:310–313
  28. Bergstrom N, Braden B, Kemp M, Champagne M, Ruby E. Predicting pressure ulcer risk: a multisite study of the predictive validity of the Braden Scale. Nurs Res. 1998;47:261–269
  29. Lowthian P. The classification and grading of pressure ulcers 1987. J Tissue Viability. 2005;15:15–18
  30. Witkowski JA, Parish LC. Rational approach to wound care. Int J Dermatol. 1992;31:27–28
  31. Beitz JM. Wound debridement: therapeutic options and care considerations. Nurs Clin North Am. 2005;40:233–249
  32. Jones KR, Fennie K. Factors influencing pressure ulcer healing in adults over 50: an exploratory study. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2007;8:378–387
  33. Parish LC, Bolton L. Wound infection: facts to face. Skinmed. 2007;6:53–54
  34. Ashton T. The prevention of bed-sores. Lancet. 1852;60:430
  35. Hooper W. The water-cushion. Lancet. 1850;55:317–318
  36. Hawkins C. On the use of water-pillows. Lancet. 1849;54:466
  37. Taylor TV, Rimmer S, Day B, Butcher J, Dymock IW. Ascorbic acid supplementation in the treatment of pressure-sores. Lancet. 1974;2:544–546
  38. Bourne G. Effect of vitamin-C deficiency on experimental wounds tensile strength and histology. Lancet. 1944;243:688–692
  39. Lund CC, Crandon JH. Ascorbic acid and human wound healing. Ann. Surg. 1941;114:776–790
  40. Parish LC, Ramos-e-Silva , Campbell C. Expectations of the dermatologic patient. Eur Rev Dermatol. 2009;29–30
  41. Andersen KE, Jensen O, Kvorning SA, Bach E. Decubitus prophylaxis: a prospective trial on the efficiency of alternating-pressure air-mattresses and water-mattresses. Acta Derm Venereol (Stockh). 1983;63:227–230
  42. Thomas DR. Are all pressure ulcers avoidable?. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2003;4(2 Suppl):S43–S48
  43. Thomas DR, Osterweil D. Is a pressure ulcer a marker for quality of care?. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2005;6:228–230
  44. Witkowski JA, Parish LC. The decubitus ulcer: skin failure and destructive behavior. Int J Dermatol. 2000;39:894–896
  45. Bates-Jensen BM, Cadogan M, Osterweil D, et al. The minimum data set pressure ulcer indicator: does it reflect differences in care processes related to pressure ulcer prevention and treatment in nursing homes?. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2003;51:1203–1212
  46. Worley CA. Skin failure: the permissible pressure ulcer?. Dermatol Nurs. 2007;19:384–385
  47. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services . The treatment of pressure ulcers. Rockville (Md): U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Agency for Health Care Policy and Research; 1994;Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=hsahcpr&part=A5124. Accessed: April 13, 2010.
  48. Christian LM, Graham JE, Padgett DA, Glaser R, Kiecolt-Glaser JK. Stress and wound healing. Neuroimmunomodulation. 2006;13:337–346
  49. Cole-King A, Harding KG. Psychological factors and delayed healing in chronic wounds. Psychosom Med. 2001;63:216–220
  50. Lobmann R, Ambrosch A, Schultz G, Waldmann K, Schiweck S, Lehnert H. Expression of matrix-metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in the wounds of diabetic and non-diabetic patients. Diabetologia. 2002;45:1011–1016
  51. Broadbent E, Petrie KJ, Alley PG, Booth RJ. Psychological stress impairs early wound repair following surgery. Psychosom Med. 2003;65:865–869
  52. Vileikyte L. Stress and wound healing. Clin Dermatol. 2007;25:49–55
  53. Wall Street Journal. Opinion: King Canute at the G-8. WSJ July 13, 2009, A-11. Available at: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124718309166920285.html. Accessed: Feb 5, 2010.

PII: S0738-081X(10)00034-9

doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2010.03.010

Clinics in Dermatology
Volume 28, Issue 5 , Pages 527-532 , September 2010

Article Tools