Clinics in Dermatology
Volume 25, Issue 3 , Pages 259-266 , May 2007

Considering an infectious etiology of sarcoidosis

References 

  1. Newman LS, Rose CS, Maier LA. Sarcoidosis. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:1224–1234
  2. Cummings MM, Hudgins PC. Chemical constituents of pine pollen and their possible relationship to sarcoidosis. Am J Med Sci. 1958;236:311–317
  3. Vincent M, Chemarin C, Peyrol S, Thivolet F, Champagnon B. Use of talc and sarcoidosis-pathogenic role of cutaneous talc exposure in sarcoidosis. Rev Mal Respir. 2004;21:811–814
  4. Tukiainen P, Nickels J, Taskinen E, Nyberg M. Pulmonary granulomatous reaction: talc pneumoconiosis or chronic sarcoidosis?. Br J Ind Med. 1984;41:84–87
  5. Kim YC, Triffet MK, Gibson LE. Foreign bodies in sarcoidosis. Am J Dermatopathol. 2000;22:408–412
  6. Kreider ME, Christie JD, Thompson B, et al. and for the ACCESS Research Group Relationship of environmental exposures to the clinical phenotype of sarcoidosis. Chest. 2005;128:207–215
  7. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Sarcoidosis among U.S. Navy enlisted men, 1965-1993. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1997;46:539–543
  8. Kajdasz DK, Lackland DT, Mohr LC, Judson MA. A current assessment of rurally linked exposures as potential risk factors for sarcoidosis. Ann Epidemiol. 2001;11:111–117
  9. Kern DG, Neill MA, Wrenn DS, Varone JC. Investigation of a unique time-space cluster of sarcoidosis in firefighters. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993;148:974–980
  10. Bernard J, Rose C, Newman L, et al. ACCESS Research Group Job and industry classifications associated with sarcoidosis in A Case-Control Etiologic Study of Sarcoidosis (ACCESS). J Occup Environ Med. 2005;47:226–234
  11. Kveim A. En ny og spesifik kutan-reakjon ved Boeck's sarcoid (Preliminary report on new and specific cutaneous reaction in Boeck's sarcoid), Nord Med. 1941;9:1969–1972
  12. Siltzbach L. The Kveim test in sarcoidosis. JAMA. 1961;178:476–482
  13. Holter JH, Park H, Sjoerdsma K, Kataria Y. Nonviable autologous bronchoalveolar lavage preparations induce intradermal epithelioid cell granulomas in sarcoidosis patients. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992;145:864–871
  14. Richter E, Kataria YP, Zissel G, Homolka J, Schlaak M, Muller-Quernheim J. Analysis of the Kveim-Siltzbach test reagent for bacterial DNA. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159:1981–1982
  15. Parkes SA, Baker SB, Bourdillon RE, Murray CR, Rakshit M. Epidemiology of sarcoidosis in the Isle of Man-1: a case controlled study. Thorax. 1987;42:420–426
  16. Smith PG, Pike MC. Generalizations of two tests for the detection of household aggregation of disease. Biometrics. 1976;32:817–828
  17. Hills SE, Parkes SA, Baker SB. Epidemiology of sarcoidosis in the Isle of Man-2: evidence for space-time clustering. Thorax. 1987;42:427–430
  18. Heyll A, Meckenstock G, Aul C, et al. Possible transmission of sarcoidosis via allogenic bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1994;14:161–164
  19. Burke WMJ, Keogh A, Maloney PJ, Delprado W, Bryant DH, Spratt P. Transmission of sarcoidosis via cardiac transplantation. Lancet. 1990;336:1579
  20. Muller C, Briegel J, Haller M, et al. the Munich Lung Transplant Group Sarcoidosis recurrence following lung transplantation. Transplantation. 1996;61:1117–1119
  21. Glennas A, Kvein TK, Melby K, et al. Acute sarcoid arthritis: occurrence, seasonal onset, clinical features and outcome. Br J Rheumatol. 1995;34:45–50
  22. Panayeas S, Theodorakopoulos P, Bouras A, Constantopoulos S. Seasonal occurrence of sarcoidosis in Greece. Lancet. 1991;338:510–511
  23. Wilsher ML. Seasonal clustering of sarcoidosis presenting with erythema nodosum. Eur Respir J. 1998;12:1197–1199
  24. Fite E, Alsina JM, Mana J, Pujol R, Ruiz J, Morera J. Epidemiology of sarcoidosis in Catalonia: 1979-1989. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Dis. 1996;13:153–158
  25. Pauluzzi P, Gonzalez-Inchaurraga MA, Bonin S, Trevisant G. Pulmonary tuberculosis with cutaneous aspects of sarcoidosis. J Eur Acad Derm Venereol. 2002;16:411–412
  26. Ball NJ, Kho GT, Matinka M. The histologic spectrum of cutaneous sarcoidosis: a study of twenty-eight cases. J Cutan Pathol. 2004;31:160–168
  27. Thomas MM, Jacob M, Chandi SM, et al. Role of S-100 staining in differentiating leprosy from other granulomatous diseases of the skin. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1999;67:1–5
  28. Gazouli M, Ikonomopoulos J, Trigidou R, Foteinou M, Kittas C, Gorgoulis V. Assessment of mycobacterial, propionibacterial, and human herpesvirus 8 DNA in tissues of Greek patients with sarcoidosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:3060–3063
  29. Fite E, Fernandez-Figueras MT, Prats R, Vaquero M, Morera J. High prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in biopsies from sarcoidosis patients from Catalonia, Spain. Respiration. 2006;73:20–26
  30. Drake WP, Pei Z, Pride DT, Collins RD, Cover TL, Blaser MJ. Molecular analysis of sarcoidosis tissues for Mycobacterium species DNA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002;8:1334–1341
  31. Richter E, Greinert U, Kirsten D, et al. Assessment of mycobacterial DNA in cells and tissues of mycobacterial and sarcoid lesions. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1996;153:375–380
  32. Song Z, Marzilli L, Greenlee BM, et al. Mycobacterial catalase-peroxidase is a tissue antigen and target of the adaptive immune response in systemic sarcoidosis. J Exp Med. 2005;201:755–767
  33. Bergeron A, Laissy JP, Loiseau P, Schouman-Claeys E, Hance AJ, Tazi A. Computed tomography of pulmonary sarcoid-like granulomas induced by complete Freund's adjuvant in rats. Eur Respir J. 2001;18:357–361
  34. Hosoda Y, Sasagawa S, Yamaguchi T. Sarcoidosis and tuberculosis: epidemiological similarities and dissimilarities. A review of a series of studies in a Japanese work population (1941-1996) and the general population (1959-1984). Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 2004;21:85–93
  35. Yasahara T, Tada R, Nakano Y, et al. The presence of Propionibacterium spp. In the vitreous fluid of uveitis patients with sarcoidosis. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2005;83:364–369
  36. Eishi Y, Suga M, Ishige I, et al. Quantitative analysis of mycobacterial and propionibacterial DNA in lymph nodes of Japanese and European patients with sarcoidosis. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:198–204
  37. Ebe Y, Ikushima S, Yamaguchi T, et al. Proliferative response of peripheral blood cells and levels of antibody to recombinant protein from Propionibacterium acnes DNA expression library in Japanese patients with sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 2000;17:256–265
  38. Ichiyasu H, Suga M, Matsukawa A, et al. Functional roles of MCP-1 in Propionibacterium acnes–induced, T cell-mediated pulmonary granulomatosis in rabbits. J Leukoc Biol. 1999;65:482–491
  39. Nishiwaka T, Yoneyama H, Eishi Y, et al. Indigenous pulmonary Propionibacterium acnes primes the host in the development of sarcoid-like pulmonary granulomatosis in mice. Am J Pathol. 2004;165:631–639
  40. Bachelez H, Senet P, Cadranel J, Kaouhkov A, Dubertret L. The use of tetracyclines for the treatment of sarcoidosis. Arch Dermatol. 2001;137:69–73
  41. Hua B, Li QD, Wang FM, Ai CX, Luo WC. Borrelia burgdorferi infection may be the cause of sarcoidosis. Chin Med J (Engl). 1992;105:560–563
  42. Lian W, Luo W. Borrelia burgdorferi DNA in biological samples from patients with sarcoidosis using the polymerase chain reaction technique. Chin Med Sci J. 1995;10:93–95
  43. Ishihara M, Ohno S, Ono H, et al. Seroprevalence of anti-Borrelia antibodies among patients with confirmed sarcoidosis in a region of Japan where Lyme borreliosis is endemic. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1998;236:280–284
  44. Morris JT, Longfield RN. Sarcoidosis and ELISA for Borrelia burgdorferi. South Med J. 1994;87:590–591
  45. Arcangeli G, Calabro S, Cisno F, Zambotto FM, Drigo R, Ferraresso A. Determination of antibodies to Borrelia burgdorferi in sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis. 1994;11:32–33
  46. Martens H, Zollner B, Zissel G, Burdon D, Schlaak M, Muller-Quernheim J. Anti-Borrelia burgdorferi immunoglobulin seroprevalence in pulmonary sarcoidosis: a negative report. Eur Respir J. 1997;10:1356–1358
  47. Nilsson K, Pahlson C, Lukinius A, Eriksson L, Nilsson L, Lindquist O. Presence of Rickettsia helvetica in granulomatous tissue from patients with sarcoidosis. J Infect Dis. 2002;185:1128–1138
  48. Planck A, Eklund A, Grunewald J, Vene S. No serologic evidence of Rickettsia helvetica infection in Scandinavian sarcoidosis patients. Eur Respir J. 2004;24:811–813
  49. Silva VM, Kanaujia G, Gennaro ML, Menzies D. Factors associated with humoral response to ESAT-6, 38 kDa and 14 kDa in patients with a spectrum of tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis. 2003;7:478–484
  50. Sapadin AN, Fleischmajer R. Tetracyclines: nonantibiotic properties and their clinical implications. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2006;54:258–265
  51. Schaumann J. On the nature of certain peculiar corpuscles present in tissue of lymphogranulomatosis benigna. Acta Med Scand. 1941;106:648–652
  52. Ang SC, Moscovic EA. Cross-reactive and species specific Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens in the immunoprofile of Schaumann bodies: a major clue to the etiology of sarcoidosis. Histol Histopathol. 1996;11:125–134
  53. Alavi HA, Moscovic EA. Immunolocalization of cell-wall–deficient forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in sarcoidosis and in sinus histiocytosis of lymph nodes draining carcinoma. Histol Histopathol. 1996;11:683–694
  54. Johnson LA, Edsell JR, Austin JH, Ellis K. Pulmonary sarcoidosis: could mycoplasma-like organisms be a cause?. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 1996;13:38–42
  55. Almenoff PL, Johnson A, Lesser M, Mattman LH. Growth of acid fast L forms from the blood of patients with sarcoidosis. Thorax. 1996;51:530–533
  56. Brown ST, Brett I, Almenoff PL, Lesser M, Terrin M, Teirstein AS ACCESS Research Group. Recovery of cell wall-deficient organisms from blood does not distinguish patients with sarcoidosis and control subjects. Chest. 2003;123:413–417
  57. el-Zaatari FA, Naser SA, Markesich DC, Kalter DC, Engstand L, Graham DY. Identification of Mycobacterium avium complex in sarcoidosis. J Clin Microbiol. 1996;34:2240–2245
  58. Di Alberti L, Piattelli A, Artese L, et al. Human herpesvirus 8 variants in sarcoid tissues. Lancet. 1997;350:1655–1661
  59. Bassoe CF, Hausken T, Bostad L, Kristofferson EK. Co-occurrence of Epstein-Barr virus and ascites in sarcoidosis. Scand J Infect Dis. 2004;36:232–234
  60. McKee DH, Young AC, Haeney M. Sarcoidosis and HTLV-1 infection. J Clin Pathol. 2005;58:996–997
  61. Knoell KA, Hendrix JD, Stoler MH, Patterson JW, Montes CM. Absence of human herpesvirus 8 in sarcoidosis and Crohn disease granulomas. Arch Dermatol. 2005;141:909–910
  62. Maeda H, Niimi T, Sato S, et al. Human herpesvirus 8 is not associated with sarcoidosis in Japanese patients. Chest. 2000;118:923–927
  63. Bolukbas C, Bolukbas FF, Kebdir T, et al. Development of sarcoidosis during interferon alpha 2b and ribavirin combination therapy for chronic hepatitis C—a case report and review of the literature. Acta Gastreonterol Belg. 2005;68:432–434
  64. Celik G, Sen E, Ulger AF, et al. Sarcoidosis caused by interferon therapy. Respirology. 2005;10:535–540
  65. Ramos-Casals M, Mana J, Nardi N, et al. HISPAMEC Study Group Sarcoidosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: analysis of 68 cases. Medicine (Baltimore). 2005;84:69–80
  66. Tsimpoukas F, Goritsas C, Papadopoulos N, Trigidou R, Ferti A. Sarcoidosis in untreated chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Scand J Gastroenterol. 2004;39:401–403
  67. Foulon G, Wislez M, Naccache JM, et al. Sarcoidosis in HIV-infected patients in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2004;38:418–425
  68. Newman LS, Rose CS, Bresnitz EA, et al. ACCESS Research Group A case control etiologic study of sarcoidosis: environmental and occupational risk factors. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;170:1324–1330
  69. Valeyre D, Soler P, Clerici C, et al. Smoking and pulmonary sarcoidosis: effect of cigarette smoking on prevalence, clinical manifestations,alveolitis, and the evolution of disease. Thorax. 1988;43:516–524
  70. Laan M, Bozinovski S, Anderson GP. Production of inflammatory cytokines by suppressing the activation of activator protein-1 in bronchial epithelial cells. J Immunol. 2004;173:4164–4170
  71. Drannik AG, Pouladi MA, Robbins CS, Goncharova SI, Kianpour S, Stampfli MR. Impact of cigarette smoking on clearance and inflammation after Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2004;170:1164–1171
  72. de Jonge WJ, van der Zanden EP, The FO, et al. Stimulation of the vagus nerve attenuates macrophage activation by activating the Jak2-STAT3 signaling pathway. Nat Immunol. 2005;6:844–851
  73. Cozen W, Diaz-Sanchez D, Gauderman WJ, et al. Th1 and Th2 cytokines and IgE levels in identical twins with varying levels of cigarette consumption. J Clin Immunol. 2004;24:617–622
  74. Tromp G, Kuivaniemi H, Raphael S, et al. Genetic linkage of familial granulomatous inflammatory arthritis, skin rash, and uveitis to chromosome 16. Am J Hum Genet. 1996;59:1097–1107
  75. Miceli-Richard C, Lesage S, Rybojad M, et al. CARD15 mutations in Blau syndrome. Nat Gen. 2001;29:19–20
  76. Kobayashi KS, Chamaillard M, Ogura Y, et al. Nod2-dependent regulation of innate and adaptive immunity in the intestinal tract. Science. 2005;307:731–734
  77. Rybicki BA, Maliarik MJ, Bock CH, et al. The Blau syndrome gene is not a major risk factor for sarcoidosis. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 1999;16:203–208
  78. Kanazawa N, Okafuji I, Kambe N, et al. Early-onset sarcoidosis and CARD15 mutations with constitutive nuclear factor-kB activation: common genetic etiology with Blau syndrome. Blood. 2005;105:1195–1197
  79. Martinon F, Tschopp J. Inflammatory caspases: linking an intracellular innate immune system to autoinflammatory diseases. Cell. 2004;117:561–574
  80. Ogura Y, Bonen DK, Inohara N, et al. A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease. Nature. 2001;411:603–606
  81. Li J, Moran T, Swanson E, et al. Regulation of IL-8 and IL-1beta expression in Crohn's disease associated NOD2/CARD15 mutations. Hum Mol Genet. 2004;13:1715–1725
  82. Aldhous MC, Nimmo ER, Satsangi J. NOD2/CARD15 and the Paneth cell: another piece in the genetic jigsaw of inflammatory bowel disease. Gut. 2003;52:1533–1535
  83. Bouma G, Strober W. The immunological and genetic basis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003;3:521–533
  84. Conron M, Bondeson J, Pantelidis P, et al. Alveolar macrophages and T cells from sarcoid, but not normal lung, are permissive to adenoviral infection and allow analysis of NF-kappa b-dependent signaling pathways. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2001;25:141–149
  85. Rossman MD, Thompson B, Fredrick M, et al. ACCESS Group HLA_DRB1*1101: a significant risk factor for sarcoidosis in blacks and whites. Am J Hum Genet. 2003;73:720–735
  86. Schürmann M, Reichel P, Müller-Myhsok B, Schlaak M, Müller-Quernheim J, Schwinger E. Results from a genome-wide search for predisposing genes in sarcoidosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:840–846
  87. Valentonyte R, Hampe J, Huse K, et al. Sarcoidosis is associated with a truncating splice site mutation in BTNL2. Nat Genet. 2005;37:357–364
  88. Grosser M, Luther T, Fuessel M, Bickardt J, Magdolen V, Baretton G. Clinical course of sarcoidosis in dependence on HLA-DRB1 allele frequencies, inflammatory markers, and the presence of M. tuberculosis DNA fragments. Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis. 2005;22:66–74
  89. Baughman RP, Lower EE, du Bois RM. Sarcoidosis. Lancet. 2003;361:1111–1118

PII: S0738-081X(07)00057-0

doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.03.003

Clinics in Dermatology
Volume 25, Issue 3 , Pages 259-266 , May 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution