Clinics in Dermatology
Volume 24, Issue 6 , Pages 493-497 , November 2006

Scleromyxedema

  • Clara-Dina Cokonis Georgakis, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Dermatology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding authors. Tel.: +1 856 342 2014; fax: +1 856 342 2439.
    • ,
  • Gerald Falasca, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Rheumatology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA
    • Tel.: +1 856 757 9671; fax: +1 856 757 7803.
    • ,
  • Alexander Georgakis, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
    • Tel.: +1 215 955 6180; fax: +1 215 955 6410.
    • ,
  • Warren R. Heymann, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Dermatology, Cooper University Hospital, Camden, NJ 08103, USA

References 

  1. Rongioletti F, Rebora A. Updated classification of papular mucinosis, lichen myxedematosus, and scleromyxedema. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001;44:273–281
  2. Rebora A, Rongioletti F. Mucinoses. In:  Bolognia JL,  Jorizzo JL,  Rapini RP editor. Dermatology. Mosby: Edinburgh (UK); 2003;p. 648–652
  3. Bata-Csorgo Z, Husz S, Foldes M, et al. Scleromyxedema. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1999;41(2 Pt 2):343–346
  4. Harper RA, Rispler J. Lichen myxedematosus serum stimulates human skin fibroblast proliferation. Science. 1978;199:545–547
  5. Ferrarini M, Helfrich DJ, Walker ER, Medsger TA, Whiteside TL. Scleromyxedema serum increases proliferation but not the glycosaminoglycan synthesis of dermal fibroblasts. J Rheumatol. 1989;16:837–841
  6. Yaron M, Yaron I, Yust I, Brenner S. Lichen myxedematosus (scleromyxedema) serum stimulates hyaluronic acid and prostaglandin E production by human fibroblasts. J Rheumatol. 1985;12:171–175
  7. White GM, Jeffes EW. Stimulation of fibroblasts by paraprotein in scleromyxedema. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1989;21(4 Pt 1):816
  8. Warner TF, Wrone DA, Williams EC, Cripps DJ, Mundhenke C, Friedl A. Heparan sulphate proteoglycan in scleromyxedema promotes FGF-2 activity. Pathol Res Pract. 2002;198:701–707
  9. In:  Elder D,  Elenitsas R,  Johnson BJ,  Murphy GF editor. Lever's histopathology of the skin. 9th ed. Philadelphia (PA): Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2005;p. 451–453
  10. Harris AO, Altman AR, Tschen JA, Wolf JE. Scleromyxedema. Int J Dermatol. 1989;28:661–667
  11. Jackson EM, English JC. Diffuse cutaneous mucinoses. Dermatol Clin. 2002;20:493–501
  12. Pomann JJ, Rudner EJ. Scleromyxedema revisited. Int J Dermatol. 2003;42:31–35
  13. Dinneen AM, Dicken CH. Scleromyxedema. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1995;33:37–43
  14. Gabriel SE, Perry HO, Oleson GB, Bowles CA. Scleromyxedema: a scleroderma-like disorder with systemic manifestations. Medicine (Baltimore). 1988;67:58–65
  15. Fudman EJ, Golbus J, Ike RW. Scleromyxedema with systemic involvement mimics rheumatic diseases. Arthritis Rheum. 1986;29:913–917
  16. Helfrich DJ, Walker ER, Martinez AJ, Medsger TA. Scleromyxedema myopathy: case report and review of the literature. Arthritis Rheum. 1988;31:1437–1441
  17. Launay D, Hatron PY, Delaporte E, Hachulla E, Devulder B, Piette F. Scleromyxedema (lichen myxedematosus) associated with dermatomyositis. Br J Dermatol. 2001;144:359–362
  18. Rothe MJ, Rivas R, Gould E, Kerdel FA. Scleromyxedema and severe myositis. Int J Dermatol. 1989;28:657–660
  19. Ozdag F, Akar A, Eroglu E, Erbil H. Acute rhabdomyolysis during the treatment of scleromyxedema with interferon alfa. J Dermatol Treat. 2001;12:167–169
  20. Frayha RA. Papular mucinosis, destructive arthropathy, median neuropathy, and sicca complex. Clin Rheum. 1983;2:277–284
  21. Berger JR, Dobbs MR, Terhune MH, Maragos WF. The neurologic complications of scleromyxedema. Medicine (Baltimore). 2001;80:313–319
  22. Webster GF, Matsuoka LY, Burchmore D. The association of potentially lethal neurologic syndromes with scleromyxedema (papular mucinosis). J Am Acad Dermatol. 1993;28:105–108
  23. River Y, Levy I, Gilead L, Orbach H, Almog Y. Fever, convulsions and coma in scleromyxedema: a “dermato-neuro syndrome”. Neurology. 1996;46:1778–1779
  24. Godby A, Bergstresser PR, Chaker B, Pandya AG. Fatal scleromyxedema: report of a case and review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1998;38(2 Pt 2):289–294
  25. Morris-Jones R, Staughton RC, Walker M, et al. Lichen myxoedematosus with associated cardiac abnormalities. Br J Dermatol. 2001;144:594–596
  26. Neudecker BA, Stern R, Mark LA, Steinberg S. Scleromyxedema-like lesions of patients in renal failure contain hyaluronan: a possible pathophysiological mechanism. J Cutan Pathol. 2005;32:612–615
  27. Kucher C, Xu X, Pasha T, Elenitsas R. Histopathologic comparison of nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy and scleromyxedema. J Cutan Pathol. 2005;32:484–490
  28. Desai A, James W. Lichen myxedematosus. In:  Lebwohl M,  Heymann W,  Berth-Jones J,  Coulson I editor. Treatments of skin disease: comprehensive therapeutic strategies. 2nd ed. Philadelphia (PA): Elsevier Science; 2006;p. 343–344
  29. Horn KB, Horn MA, Swan J, Singhal S, Guitart J. A complete and durable clinical response to high-dose dexamethasone in a patient with scleromyxedema. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2004;51(2 Suppl):S120–S123
  30. Kreuter A, Altmeyer P. High-dose dexamethasone in scleromyxedema: report of 2 additional cases. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2005;53:739–740
  31. Lacy MQ, Hogan WJ, Gertz MA, et al. Successful treatment of scleromyxedema with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Arch Dermatol. 2005;141:1277–1282

PII: S0738-081X(06)00103-9

doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2006.07.011

Clinics in Dermatology
Volume 24, Issue 6 , Pages 493-497 , November 2006

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